Which type of activity does not generally result in vicarious liability for an employer when performed by an independent contractor?

In tort law, vicarious liability holds an employer responsible for the actions of an employee when those actions occur within the scope of employment. However, this concept does not typically extend to independent contractors. When an independent contractor engages in activities outside the contractual agreement, the employer is generally not held liable for the contractor's actions. This is grounded in the idea that independent contractors operate with a level of autonomy and control over their work, meaning the employer does not direct their methods or actions.

In contrast, activities such as "abnormally dangerous activity," "duties arising from a specific relationship with clients," and "inherently dangerous activities" usually bring about a greater risk of liability for the employer. If an independent contractor performs these types of activities, the employer may still face liability under certain circumstances, especially given the nature of the work which inherently involves risks to the public or clients. Thus, activities performed outside the scope of a contract would not typically engage the employer's vicarious liability, as they have no control or responsibility over actions that fall outside the agreed terms.